Bipolar disorder could be the muse that inspires literary, artistic, musical & individual creativity.
Bipolar disorder comes with its own baggage.
But individuals living with the condition say that too much emphasis on the condition’s dark side can contribute to hopelessness and stigma.
According to Professor Greg Murray MAPS, The Fund's scientific committee chair and one of the world's top bipolar disorder researchers, ‘bipolar disorder is associated with capacities that are highly valued by patients and the community. Across studies, BD has been associated with a range of strengths, including academic ability, empathy and realism. The quality that may be most definitive of BD, however, is creativity'.
Creativity refers to the unique & useful patterns of thinking and behavior that an individual demonstrates.
Authors believed to have manic episodes
F. Scott Fitzgerald
August Strindberg
Charles Dickens
Emile Zola
Ernest Hemingway
Eugene O'Neill
Francis Parkman
Graham Greene
Hans Christian Andersen
Henrik Ibsen
Henry James
Herman Melville
Hermann Hesse
Honore de Balzac
Isak Dinesen
John Ruskin
Leo Tolstoy
Mary Shelley
William Faulkner
William James
Joseph Conrad
Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens)
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Robert Louis Stevenson
Robert Lowell
Tennessee Williams
Virginia Woolf
Professor Murray’s work stems from a strengths-based psychological treatment approach, which looks at the entire person and also takes into consideration what the person wants to & can achieve, in spite of the condition.
Professors Murray and Sheri Johnson that bipolar disorder may be an all-too-common facet of the personality of creative individuals, such as authors, poets and visual artists.
Although little is known about how exactly bipolar disorder fuels creativity, researchers believe heightened positive emotions and behaviors, ambition, and drive may all play a role.
This could be one reason why individuals at higher risk for developing bipolar disorder and those with a less severe form of the condition are likely to not only consider themselves creative but also be overrepresented in creative professions.
Moreover, healthy siblings of such individuals are likely to pursue creative professions, too.
In general, bipolar individuals recognize & may even fully embrace several positive aspects of living with the condition, ‘including amplification of experiences and internal states, enhanced abilities and more intense human connectedness’.
In a way, bipolar individuals are likely to feel lucky to be living with the condition.
Take, for instance, Kay Redfield Jamison, a writer who has lived with bipolar disorder since adolescence:
“I have often asked myself whether given the choice, I would choose to have manic depressive illness. Strangely enough, I think I would.”
Jamison also happens to be a professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, and co-director of the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine’s Moods Disorders Center.
She is also the co-author of Manic-Depressive Illness (Oxford University Press), the classic textbook on bipolar disorder.
Another important implication of this creative capacity could be the vivid insight an individual is likely to have about living with the condition. This could potentially inform & enrich the way their bipolar condition is treated and managed.
“Harnessing their creativity may lead to better outcomes and more fulfilling lives for people with bipolar disorder,”
CREATIVE BIPOLAR MINDS ARE IN GOOD COMPANY
Artists believed to have bipolar disorder
Arshile Gorky
Edvard Munch
Georgia O'Keeffe
Jackson Pollock
Mark Rothko
Paul Gauguin
Vincent van Gogh
Authors believed to have mood disorders
T. S. Eliot
Alfred Lord Tennyson
Edgar Allan Poe
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Emily Dickinson
Ezra Pound
Harley Coleridge
John Keats
Laura Riding
Lord Byron (George Gordon)
Percy Bysshe Shelley
Samuel Johnson
Samuel Taylor Coleridge
Sylvia Plath
Theodore Roethke
Victor Hugo
Walt Whitman
William Blake
Musicians and composers believed to have manic episodes
Anton Arensky
Charles Ives
Charles Mingus
Charles Parker
Cole Porter
George Frederic Handel
Gustav Holst
Gustav Mahler
Hector Berlioz
Irving Berlin
Kurt Cobain
Modest Mussorgsky
Noel Coward
Peter Tchaikovsky
Robert Schumann
Sergey Rachmaninoff
Recognize these bipolar individuals?
Amy Winehouse
Britney Spears
Carrie Fisher
Catherine Zeta-Jones
Demi Lovato
Frank Sinatra
Kanye West
Linda Hamilton
Mariah Carey
Jean-Claude Van Damme
Mel Gibson
Richard Dreyfuss
Stephen Fry
Vivien Leigh